부사 ‘함께’와 ‘같이’의 의미 비교

초록

This study presents a systematic semantic comparison of two Korean adverbs hamkke and gachi, a synonymous pair often used interchangeably. We first refined the sense descriptions of each adverb, newly identifying the “mediation”(매개) and “sameness”(동일성) senses of hamkke and the “exemplification”(예시 도입) sense of gachi. A detailed comparison of the shared “collectivity”(공동성) and “sameness”(동일성) senses reveals that hamkke characteristically indicates multiple participants forming a unified group, whereas gachi covers a broader semantic domain including parallel individual actions without group formation. Specifically, in the “collectivity” sense, gachi can describe identical actions by participants in opposition (e.g., fighting each other), while hamkke cannot. In the “sameness” sense, hamkke is used restrictively only when the speaker conceptualizes the compared entities as belonging to the same category, whereas gachi is used more broadly. These differences stem from distinct paths of polysemy development: hamkke evolved from “simultaneity”(동시성) to “collectivity” while gachi developed from “sameness” to “collectivity”.

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