Colloidal Wet Coating Techniques of Two-Dimensional Materials

초록

Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and MXenes exhibit unique physicochemical properties due to atomic-scale thickness and structural anisotropy. To integrate these materials into functional devices, wet-coating techniques have emerged as scalable, cost-effective strategies for assembling uniform 2D films from colloidal dispersions. This review categorizes major wet-coating techniques, including Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) assembly, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, spin-coating, dropcasting, spray coating, and recently developed rapid drying protocols, according to their driving mechanisms and process characteristics. Key interfacial interactions and deposition parameters are discussed to elucidate film formation and failure modes. Functional demonstrations across electronics, membranes, and energy devices are reviewed to illustrate the practical utility of these methods. The review concludes with an outlook on such technologies for industrial scalability. This framework aims to guide the rational selection and optimization of wet-coating methods for diverse applications in optoelectronics, membranes, and energy devices built on 2D materials.

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