Vibrational Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensors for Monitoring Bridges in Real-time; 실시간 교량 모니터링용 자가 전원 무선 센서

초록

This paper presents a wireless sensor system that utilizes vibrational energy harvesting to monitor the structural integrity of bridges. Piezoelectric materials, combined with an optimized energy harvesting circuit, convert bridge vibrations into electrical energy, generating voltages of up to 7 V under low vibration conditions (< 0.2 g). Given the high internal resistance of piezoelectric materials, the harvesting circuit was optimized for the maximum voltage output. The system integrates a low-power three-axis accelerometer, a micro-controller and a 2.4 GHz RF transceiver, enabling autonomous energy harvesting and active operations. Under low vibration conditions, the system harvested 7 mJ energy over a 3-minute period that is sufficient to support multiple sensor measurements and wireless data transmissions. During an active mode of 200 ms, 100 bytes of sensed data were successfully transmitted, demonstrating the feasibility of a self-powered wireless sensor for monitoring a bridge structure. © This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits un- restricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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