인테리어 디자인 프로세스 기반 생성형 AI 활용 및 특성연구

초록

(Background and Purpose) Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence(AI) have enabled the creation of various forms of content, including text, images, and three-dimensional models, leading to its widespread adoption across the interior design process. Generative AI is increasingly used for information analysis, concept development, spatial planning, and visualization. However, previous studies have primarily focused on the technical performance of generative AI or the functions of individual services, while comprehensive analyses of its use across different stages of the interior design process remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to classify generative AI-based interior design services according to the stages of the interior design process and analyze their characteristics and roles at each stage. (Method) The interior design process was structured into four stages: case information analysis, concept development, spatial planning, and visualization. Based on a review of previous studies, five analytical criteria—input method, generated output, user intervention, AI role, and application of results—were established. Representative generative AI-based interior design services corresponding to each stage were selected, and a qualitative case analysis was conducted using the proposed analytical framework. (Results) The findings indicate that generative AI is utilized throughout the interior design process, although its characteristics and roles differ across design stages. As the design process progresses, input methods become more specific in reflecting user intentions, and generated outputs shift from the exploration of multiple design alternatives toward the refinement of a specific design outcome. The level of user intervention also increases, while the role of AI evolves from facilitating design exploration to incorporating specific design requirements and enhancing the quality of design outcomes. Although AI-generated outputs support decision-making and communication throughout the process, they consistently serve as visual communication tools. Their role, however, shifts from facilitating concept exploration in the early stages to supporting the evaluation of design proposals and informed final decision-making in the later stages. (Conclusions) This study classifies generative AI-based interior design services according to the stages of the interior design process and systematically analyzes their characteristics at each stage. The findings demonstrate that generative AI functions not merely as an image-generation tool but as a design support technology that contributes to information analysis, idea generation, spatial planning, and visualization throughout the design process. The proposed analytical framework provides a practical foundation for evaluating future generative AI-based interior design services and developing effective strategies for integrating generative AI into interior design practice.

키워드