청자-화행구 핵으로서의 경상 방언 문법소 ‘-이’ 연구

초록

This study investigates the syntactic and semantic properties of the Gyeongsang Korean particle -i, which emphasizes the truth of a prejacent in declaratives but weakens the directive force in imperatives. To explain this asymmetry, we propose that -i is on the head of the Addressee Phrase within the Speech Act Phrase, which explains various distributional properties of -i with the constraints associated with the Commitment Phrase and its discourse effects. First, -i requires the speaker to fully commit to the prejacent, which must also constitute new information to the addressee. This explains why -i cannot co-occur with “kwuna/ney,” questions, or clause-type markers whose commitment status is not specified. Second, -i does not directly influence the addressee’s next action; rather, with -i, the speaker expects an immediate reaction based on the addressee’s own independent judgment. In terms of this addressee-oriented nature, we explain various aspects of -i, such as its intimacy effects and its weakening directive force in impeartives. We show that this addressee-orientedness is also responsible for the speaker's anticipation of the addressee's response within turn-taking. Finally, we argue that both the Vocative Phrase and -i are located within the Addressee Phrase. This structural analysis explains how the umlaut effects triggered by -i can also apply to vocatives.

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