매염제 종류에 따른 홍차 기반 천연염색 삼베의 기능성 특성 분석

초록

This study investigated the functional properties of hemp fabrics dyed with black tea under different mordanting conditions. Five samples were prepared: untreated hemp (H-Control), black tea–dyed hemp without mordant (H-BT), and black tea–dyed hemp treated with alum (H-BT-Al), ferrous sulfate (H-BT-Fe), or copper sulfate (H-BT-Cu). The samples were evaluated for washing fastness, light and perspiration fastness, ultraviolet (UV) blocking rate, and antibacterial activity. Washing fastness tests revealed that all black tea–dyed samples showed moderate color change (grade 3.0), while staining on cotton and wool remained high (grades 4-5). Light and perspiration fastness exhibited excellent stability (grade 4-5) across all samples under both acidic and alkaline perspiration conditions. Black tea dyeing significantly enhanced UV protection, increasing UV-A and UV-B blocking rates from 73.2% and 77.2% in the control to 87-90% in the dyed samples. Antibacterial tests demonstrated strong antibacterial activity, with reduction rates of 99.7→99.9% against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These results indicate that black tea dyeing effectively imparts functional performance to hemp fabrics, including UV protection and antibacterial properties, while maintaining high fastness to light, perspiration, and staining. The findings suggest that black tea–dyed hemp shows strong potential as an eco-friendly, functional textile for apparel and lifestyle applications.

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