전국 지방자치단체 공공디자인 진흥계획의 정책 기조 비교 연구 - 텍스트마이닝과 의미네트워크 분석을 중심으로 -

초록

(Background and Purpose) Although‘publicness’is repeatedly emphasized as a core value in public design policy, there is a lack of empirical research examining how it is structurally organized within policy documents. Existing studies have primarily focused on case analyses of selected local governments or research trend analyses, which limits a comprehensive understanding of policy orientations at the national level. Accordingly, this study aims to empirically analyze the policy orientations of public design promotion plan documents across local governments in Korea and to identify the structural position of publicness within the policy orientations. (Method) This study collected and analyzed 84 public design promotion plan documents from local governments nationwide. Text mining and semantic network analysis were conducted using R Studio. Key keywords were extracted through morphological analysis and preprocessing. A co-occurrence-based network was then constructed, and centrality analysis was performed to identify the structural positions of key terms. Community detection using the Louvain algorithm was also applied to derive the sub-structures of policy orientations. Furthermore, comparative analysis was conducted across national, metropolitan, and municipal government levels to examine structural differences. (Results) The results indicate that‘space’emerges as the most central node across all levels of analysis, while‘city’,‘facilities’,‘landscape’,‘safety’and‘guidelines form the main structural connections. Community analysis reveals that public design policy orientations tend to form partial clusters around several thematic sub-groups, including design system and crime prevention, facility and landscape design, pedestrian and traffic environment, urban space and social value, and everyday environmental safety and convenience. In the comparative analysis, metropolitan governments tend to emphasize cultural aspects, whereas municipal governments show a stronger focus on safety and usability, with notable differences in community composition. Meanwhile, key concepts related to publicness—such as participation, accessibility, inclusiveness, and governance—do not occupy central positions in the network but tend to appear at the periphery. (Conclusions) This study empirically demonstrates that the policy orientations of public design promotion plan documents are structured primarily around spatial and physical environmental elements rather than publicness. This suggests that while publicness is presented as an important value in policy, it tends to remain at the periphery of the policy orientation structure. By analyzing public design promotion plan documents at the national scale, this study contributes to understanding the structural characteristics of public design policy orientations and highlights the need to more explicitly integrate publicness into policy objectives and implementation frameworks. In particular, the findings suggest that differentiated policy strategies reflecting the characteristics of each administrative level are needed, rather than uniformly applying national-level promotion plans to lower-level governments.

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