Optimal Capacity and Deployment Timing of Energy Storage System for Frequency Regulation: An Economic Perspective

초록

As the global commitment to mitigating climate change intensifies, nations are actively pursuing diverse strategies to curb greenhouse gas emissions. These policy measures may impose stringent constraints that profoundly affect generation expansion planning. Amid uncertain landscape marked by the declining capacity of conventional baseload units, leveraging an energy storage system (ESS) for frequency regulation (FR) is anticipated to be highly effective in minimizing overall system costs. To this end, this paper proposes a capacity expansion planning model to evaluate the economic viability of FR-ESS throughout a specific planning horizon, thereby identifying its optimal capacity and deployment timing. Finally, a scenario-based case study is conducted to validate the practicality and efficacy of the proposed framework. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2026.

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