Monitoring the Impact of Urban Development in Magok on Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity; [마곡의 도시개발에 따른 지표면 도시열섬강도 변화 모니터링]

초록

The reduction of natural cover and the increase in artificial surface caused by urbanization lead to surface urban heat island. New towns are considered an appropriate study site to analyze surface urban heat island affected by land cover transformations, due to their development characteristics of rapid urbanization. This study aims to monitor surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) resulting from land cover changes. We study Magok New Town as a representative urban development case in Seoul, South Korea. SUHII is defined as the difference in the mean land surface temperature (LST) between developed and undeveloped areas, with LST measured using Landsat satellite imagery. We build long-term data for the observation period from April 16, 2003, to October 15, 2023, considering the development period of Magok New Town. We gather 101 high-quality data points from approximately 20.5 years to enable detailed and comprehensive observation of land surface temperature changes. We compare changes in Magok's SUHII (experimental group) with those of four surrounding areas, two undeveloped and two previously developed areas (control groups). The results show that the SUHII of Magok New Town has converged to resemble the surrounding developed areas as urban development has progressed. In particular, the two developed areas in Gangseo-gu exhibit relatively high SUHII variability throughout the observation period, whereas the SUHII variability in Magok is observed to gradually increase over time. The cause of this phenomenon is that SUHII typically shows higher values in the summer and lower values in the winter, and urban areas, the seasonal variation in SUHII is significantly larger. Therefore, as urban development progressed in Magok, the seasonal variation in SUHII widened, deteriorating Magok's urban microclimate. The spatial distribution of SUHII is relatively high in airports, transportation facilities, and industrial, and construction areas due to the influence of surface environment and urban activity characteristics. In the residential area of Magok, SUHII is lower than in Gayang, due to the underground construction of transportation facilities and the design of parks. The green area in Magok Central Park offsets the low SUHII during the Cool and Cold seasons, but its effect is limited during the Hot and Warm seasons. Copyright © 2025 Korean Society of Remote Sensing.

키워드