국내 지역축제 공간에서 지역 자원과 서사의 공간적 구현 특성에 관한 연구

초록

(Background and Purpose) Since the implementation of local autonomy in the 1990s, regional festivals in Korea have rapidly increased and, amid regional decline, have become closely tied to the survival of local communities. Yet despite each region foregrounding distinct resources and stories, festival spaces often repeat similar formats centered on booths, experiential programs, and photo zones. Previous studies have examined placeness, identity, and tourism effects, but few have typologized how regional resources and narratives are spatially realized across multiple festival cases. This study analyzes how regional resources and narratives are structured and realized in Korean regional festival spaces and typologizes their characteristics. (Method) Based on a theoretical review of narrative theory and placeness, this study conceptualizes spatial realization through four analytical dimensions: the representation of resources, the organization of narrative, the design of multisensory experience, and the formation of placeness. These are operationalized into twelve analytical elements, with narrative functioning both as a single dimension—the organization of narrative—and, at an integrative level, as the axis of meaning across all four dimensions. This framework is applied to Korean festival cases grounded in distinctive intangible resources and narrative structures. Using spatial layout and circulation data, visual materials, and official festival records, this qualitative case study interprets intended experience from how resources and narratives are spatially arranged and staged. (Results) The Anseong Namsadang Baudeogi Festival and the Jinju Namgang Yudeung Festival were analyzed as the main cases, with the Kanazawa Hyakumangoku Matsuri as an international reference. Although the two Korean cases share public recognition and regional rootedness of their resources, they diverge across all four analytical dimensions in how those resources are translated into space. On this basis, two types of spatial realization are identified: a generative type, which creates placeness through narrative in a purpose-built space, and an appropriative type, which activates an existing place already imbued with meaning as the medium of the resource. The Kanazawa case, together with overviews of the Hampyeong Butterfly Festival and the Suwon Hwaseong Cultural Festival, suggests that, within the cases examined, the relationship between festival and place—particularly the pre-existence of the site—is a major factor associated with the two types. (Conclusions) The findings suggest that the spatial organization of narrative linking regional resources and place is an important factor in shaping the distinctiveness of regional festival spaces. The cases also suggest that regional distinctiveness may weaken when narrative structures are insufficiently organized or homogenizing elements become prominent, even where regional resources are present. The two types provide a framework for understanding Korean regional festival spaces and for seeking design strategies that realize regional distinctiveness more convincingly.

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